Measuring Guide

Interactive tools for lookalike ingredients that don't measure alike.

Compare lookalikes

Same cup, very different weights. Pick a family and an amount.

Family Amount Unit

Salt-swap calculator

Recipe says Unit of

Salts differ hugely by volume. Same grams = same saltiness.

Flour comparison

Show flours

Approximate weight and protein (approximate; brands vary)
Flour	g / cup	Protein	Best for

Brown sugar: packed or loose?

Amount (cups)

Substitutions

Reference table

Weight per cup, tablespoon and teaspoon (all ingredients)

All values are approximate: brands, humidity and how you fill the cup all matter. Level, spooned measures; US cup = 236.6 ml. Source codes are explained below.

Approximate grams per US volume measure, grouped by lookalike family
Ingredient	Source	g / cup	g / tbsp	g / tsp

General tips

Weigh when you can. A cup of flour scooped straight from the bag can weigh 20%+ more than one spooned in and leveled.
Spoon and level flour and powdered sugar; pack brown sugar unless told otherwise.
Salt in a recipe means its specific salt. If the brand isn't stated, assume table salt for baking and weigh it.
Swap by weight, not volume for same-family ingredients (sugars, salts, flours); use the ratio for fats, yeasts and leaveners.

Sources

Ratios for butter→oil (~3/4), active dry→instant yeast (~25% less) and baking soda vs powder (~3–4× strength) are widely published baking rules of thumb, not exact conversions. Flour protein figures are approximate ranges from King Arthur Baking product specs and common US brands.